Lesson 13 Digestive system 2

This system consists of alimentary canal (Mouth, Pharynx, esophagus, stomach small and large    intestines), and accessory organs like tongue, teeth, salivary glands, liver and pancreas

HORSE

Canine teeth are present in male only

Teeth formula

2(D i 3/3           D c   0/0           D p 3/3             Dm 0/0) = 24

2 (I 3/3             C1/1                 P 3-4/3-4          M 3/3) = 40 or 42

Tip of the tongue is spatula shaped

Tongue has filliform, fungiform, vallate and foliate papillae

Tonsils are diffuse

Hard palate is divided by central raphae; 18 alternate palatine ridges extend the whole length of the palate.

Simple stomach has esophageal, cardiac, fundic and pyloric gland regions. Capacity of stomach is 3 gallons. Saccus caecus and margoplicatus     

Inner surface of the stomach is smooth

Esophagus length is 50"- 60".  It has only cervical and thoracic parts

Small intestine is 70 feet in length

Liver has three lobes (Right, Middle and left), weight is 5 kg. No gall bladder, has 6 ligaments (Right lateral, Left lateral, Coronary, Falciform, Round and Hepatorenal)

Pancreas is triangular, accessory pancreatic duct is present, weight 350 gm.

Caecum and spleen are comma shaped. Spleen has a suspensory ligament

Large colon and small colon, with a length 20- 40 feet

Large intestine has bands and sacculations

Caecum is four feet in length, has 4 bands and 4 rows of sacculations

OX      Dental pads are present instead of upper incisors

2(D i 0/4           D c   0/0           D p  3/3            Dm 0/0) = 20

2(I 0/4              C 0/0                P 3/3                M 3/3) = 32

Canine teeth are absent in both male and females

Tip of the tongue is pointed

Tongue has filliform, fungiform, vallate and lenticular papillae

Papillae are present inside the cheeks and in all four parts of the stomach

Tonsils are bean shaped

Two third of the hard palate is covered by 15-19 palatine ridges, with their free ends serrated

Esophagus length is 30 - 42" cervical, thoracic and abdominal parts

Rumen fills the whole of the left half of the abdomen

Compound stomach (rumen, reticulum, Omasum and abomasums)

Small intestine is 130 feet in length

Large intestine has centripetal and centrifugal coils, no bands and sacculations

Liver has no lobes, weight is 5 kg. A Gall bladder is present, has 5 ligaments (left lateral ligament is absent)

Spleen is flattened, elongated with rounded extremities, spleen has no suspensory ligament

Pancreas is quadrangular in shape, with single pancreatic duct which opens into the duodenum one foot after the bile duct

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