Introduction to course:

Human anatomy deals with the study of structure of human body. Subject of anatomy has three main divisions; macroscopic anatomy or gross anatomy , microscopic anatomy or histology and developmental anatomy or embryology.

Microscopic anatomy is the study of minute structure of body with the help of different types of microscopes, which are instruments that provide enlarged images of small objects. Knowledge of histology complements the study of gross anatomy. The knowledge of normal histology is of fundamental importance in understanding the subject of pathology.

All body organs are made up of four basic tissues; epithelium,connective ,muscle and nervous tissue. In special histology , students are presented detailed descriptions of the histological structure and cellular specializations of organs and organ system of body accompained by high resolution images of each organ.

Objective of the course:

• To understand how structure and function correlate at the microscopic level.
• To be able to describe the normal structure and function of various cell types, tissues, and organs, and to differentiate their histological structures from each other through examination.

Learning Outcomes during lectures: 

1. Understanding the microscopic structure of organs and so be able to identify and describe the major cells and tissues that comprise each organ of body.
2. Relate the functions of cells and tissues to the function of the organ and the organ system.
3. Understand the histology of human organs within the context of cell biology in preparation for further study of pathology.
4. Describe the general histological features of the tongue, and the salivary glands.
5.  Describe the general histological morphology of the teeth.
6.  Outline the different histological features of the upper GI tract (oesophagus and stomach) and describe the function of the accessory cells.
7.  Outline the different histological features of the lower GI tract (small and large intestine, rectum) and describe the function of the accessory cells.
8.  Explain the the models that describe the structure of the liver with regards to functional units.
9.  Explain the microscopic  features of the gallbladder and pancreas.
10. Describe the major histological features of the pituitary gland, hypothalamus and pineal gland.
11. Describe the major histological features and general function of the thyroid gland.
12. Describe the histology and function of the parathyroid gland.
13. Describe the major histological features and general function of adrenal glands.
14. Explain the histological features of Ovary, fallopian tube and uterus.
15. Describe the microscopic features of testes,epididymis,vas deferens and seminal vesical.

Textbook for Course:  

1. Junqueira's Basic Histology Text and Atlas
2.  Di Fiore's Atlas of Histology
3. Wheater’s Functional Histology by Young and Heath.
4. Medical Histology by Prof. Laiq Hussain.

System of Evaluation:

• Assessment by short essay question and MCQs
• Identification of slide in histology Lab
• Final Exam

Course Outline (Lecture) For 2nd Year MBBS

Special Histology

Course Outline (Practical) For 2nd Year MBBS

Special Histology