Credit Hours: 3+1

Class: BS 5th R

Instructor: Dr. Yasmeen Gull

Email. [email protected]

BRIEF INTRODUCTION

This course is designed to study the basic knowledge about the analytical chemistry. Many techniques related to separation, purification, estimation  are Discussed in this course.The main objective of this course is to learning about basics (principle, theory, historical developments, and classification) of chromatography, details about thin layer chromatography, column chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and electrophoresis  This course contain the information  about the handling the sample, accuracy and its statistical approach.  The students will acquire knowledge about the qualitative and quantitave analysis. 

LEARNING OUTCOMES:

The students  will come to know about :

1. Introduction to analysis and analytical chemistry
2. Sampling methods
3. Different methods of analysis
4. Statistical treatment of data and its processing
5. Calibration of glasswares and weighing balance
6. Separation techniques used in analytical chemistry
7. Thin layer chromatography
8. Ion-Exchange chromatography and amino acid analyzers

READINGS

1. Harris, D.C.  Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 9th edition Freeman, NY (2015).
2. Christian, G.D. Analytical Chemistry, 7th edition John Wiley & Sons, NY (2013).
3. Skoog, D. A. West, D. Holler, J. M.F., Crouch S. R. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry. 9th ed. Saunders College Publishing, Philadelphia. (2013).
4. Nikalje, Anna. A Handbook of Chromatography, Scholar's Press Verlag Omniscriptam, Deutschland, Germany (2017)
5. Elena Ibanez Alejandro Cifuentes, Green Extraction Techniques: Principles, Advances and Applications, 1st Edition, Elsevier, (2017); 

COURSE CONTENTS

Data Handling:  Introduction to Analytical Chemistry, Sampling; Types of samples,  Techniques/ Steps involved in sample preparation, Drying and ignition, Weighing,  Analytical balance, its construction working volumetric glassware, Errors in measurements,  Calibration of glassware, Steps involved in chemical analysis, System for units of  measurements and their inter conversion, Chemical concentration and preparation of  solutions, Calibration and calibration curves(construction and interpretation), Standard  addition and internal standard methods, Statistical treatment of analytical data; Precision,  accuracy and types of errors, Sample, Population, Mean, Average, Median, Range, Standard  Deviation, Variance, Significant figures, Chemical Equilibrium ant its types.  Separation Techniques: Chromatography (Introduction, Classification.)  TLC. Column & Ion exchange chromatography (with reference to principles & applications). Electrophoresis & Solvent Extraction. 

Analytical Chemistry Lab. (Cr.01)

1. 1. Calibration of glass ware (Pipette, Burette, Flask) used for volumetric Analysis.
2. Use of Analytical balance and calculation of standard deviation.
3. Use of pH meter for plotting acid - base titration curve and assay of commercial caustic soda.
4. Plotting of first differential curve for titration of acetic acid and commercial soda.
5. Measurement of solubility products of sparingly soluble salts.
6. Determination of HCl by titrating with NaOH and plotting of a titration curve.
7. Packing of chromatographic column and separation of mixture of dyes.
8. Separation of various components of plant extract by column chromatography.
9. Separation of mixture of dyes by Radial chromatography.
10. Separation of mixture of Amino acids by paper chromatography.
11. Coating of TLC plates and separation of mixture of dyes.
12. Separation of mixture of Amino acids by TLC.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

Sessional: 20% (It includes assignments, presentation, class attendance and class participation)

Mid exam: 30%

Final exam: 50%