Territorial Nature of Law Jurisprudence

1:Introductions:
The enforcement of law is territorial in the same way as a law is territorial.The territoriality of law flows from the political divison of the world.No state allows other states to exerxise governmental powers within it.The enforcement of law is confined to the territorial boundaries of the state enforcing it.
2: Meanings of the Territorial Nature of Law:
The propositions that system of law belongs to a defined territory means that it applies to all persons,acts things and events within that territory.It does not apply to persons,things acts or events elsewhere.
3: Jurisdication of a State according to Territorial nature of Law:
A state has Jurisdication over all its persons and thing. Such persons may be natural born subjects or naturalized subjects or domiciled alien.Its jurisdication also extends over its ownership in its territorial waters and ports and all acts committed over them.
Example:
Criminal law o England extends to all offences committed in England and not outside its territory.Similarly the law of marriage, divorce and succession is applied by England courts only to those persons who are connected with the territory of England.
4: Remedy to the territorial nature of Law:
(a): In Case of Crimes:
The remedy lies in the practice of extradition.The states conclude treaties with each by which each agrees to surrender to the othre state persons found in its territory who are wanted for crimes commited in the territory of the party to the treaty.
(b): In Civial Cases:
Extradition is not practiced in civial cases. However each country gives a remedy in its own courts for civial wronges wherever they may be committed.
(c): Case Law:
Mobarik Ali Ahmed Vs State of Bombay(1957)
Held: The onender was a Pakistani but his entire offence of cheating U/S 420 accrued at Bombay. Therefore he was held guilty in Bombay.
Exceptions to the Territorial Nature of Law:
(a): International Law:
International law is and exception to the general ruler that law is territorial. States are allowed to exercise control over their armed forces when passing through a foreign territory.
(b): England Civial Law:
England civial law applies to all British subjects in respect of offenes concerning bigamy,treason or murder wherever they might be committed.
(c):Law of Procedure:
Law of procedure is not territorial in any respects. The England law of procedure is the law of England courts rather then the law of England.
Extra territorial Operation of Law:
A law is said to have extra territorial operation when it operates also outside the limites of the territory within it is enacted.
By virture of C.P.C. and Cr.P.C.,Pakistan courts are empowered to try an offence committed outside Pakistan on the land and on high seas. The latter is known as Admiralty Jurisdiction which is based on the principle that a ship on the high seas is a floating island belonging to the nation whose flag she flies.
Conclusion:
The conclusion of Salmond is that as the territory of law is not a logically necessary part of the idea of law, a system of law is conceivable the application of which is limited and determined not by reference to territorial considerations but by reference to the personal qualifications of the individuals over whom jurisdiction is exercised, qualifications such as nationality, race , or religion.

Hart, H. L. A., Raz, J., & Green, L. (2012). The concept of law: Oxford university press.