Week 4: lesson 10,11,12 Quinolones and Sulphonamides

Naladixic acid is the predecessor to all fluoroquinolones. Introduction of the first fluorinated quinolone, norfloxacin, was rapidly followed by development of other members of this group, such as ciprofloxacin, which has had wide clinical application. Today, over 10,000 analogs have been synthesized. Newer fluorinated quinolones offer greater potency, a broader spectrum of antimicrobial activity, greater in vitro efficacy against resistant organisms, and in some cases, a better safety profile than older qui- nolones and other antibiotics. Compared to ciprofloxacin, the new com- pounds are more active against gram-positive organisms, yet retain favourable activity against gram-negative microorganisms. It seems likely that the number of drugs in this class of antibiotics will increase due to its wide antibacterial spectrum, favourable pharmacokinetic properties, and relatively infrequent adverse event profile. Unfortunately, their overuse has already led to the emergence of resistance, resulting in limitations to their clinical usefulness

Sulphonamides inhibit the synthesis of folic acid, These drugs are folate antagonists.

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