Introduction:
The kidneys serve a crucial role in filtering blood, and a wide range of diseases of other organ systems and systemic diseases may be manifested in the kidney. For example, renal disease is a prominent presentation of long-standing diabetes mellitus and hypertension and of autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus.
Leaning Outcome:
Recommended Books:
1. Clinical Pathology Interpretation By AH Nagi
2. Robins Basic Pathology
Student Eveluation:
Class Test/Online Viva
Sendup Examination
Annual Examination