Plant Ecology is the study of organisms, populations, and communities as they relate to one another and interact in the ecosystems they comprise. In plant ecology, ecosystems are composed of organisms, the communities they comprise, and the non-living aspects of their environment. The four main levels of study in plant ecology are the organism, population, community, and ecosystem. Ecosystem processes are those that sustain and regulate the environment. Ecological areas of study include topics ranging from the interactions and adaptations of organisms within an ecosystem to the abiotic processes that drive the development of those ecosystems.

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