Course introduction 

Nano science, is the study of phenomena and manipulation of materials at nano scale. Nanotechnology deals with  design, production, characterization and application of materials at at nano scale and exploitation of useful noval properties obtained at nanoscale into future nanodevices.There are in total four chapters in this course. First chapter deals with nanomaterials and their types, importance of nanometer scale and origins of observed differences between properties of nanoscopic and macroscopic objects along with some applications from different fields of life e.g, industry, agriculture, medicine etc. Second and third chapters elaborate different techniques of fabrication of nanomaterials in detail. After fabrication of nanomaterials, an important task is to study their different properties e.g, surface, structural, physical and chemical etc. which is covered in chapter four.

Learning Outcomes

The main objective of this course is to give students brief introduction of Nanophysics and Nanotechnology. At the end of this course students will be able to know what is nanotechnology, why we need nanotechnology, what are its applications, what are the challenges for this technology regarding productions of nanomaterials and nanodevices. How nanotechnology can address the growing needs of humain beings regarding food, health, education, energy and all type of communication sources etc.

Suggested Books:

1) Nanotechnology: A Gentle Introduction to the Next Big Idea by Par Mark A. Ratner, Daniel Ratner, Prentice Hall Professional, 2003.

2) J.C.S. Kools, in: D.B. Chrisey, G.K. Hubler (Eds.), Pulsed Laser Deposition of Thin Films, Wiley, New York, 1994, pp. 455 471.

3) J. I. Goldstein et al, Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray Microanalysis

4) David B. Williams and C. Barry Carter, Transmission electron microscopy : a textbook for materials science

5) Andrew Zangwil, Physics at surfaces, Cambridge University Press, NY, 1988.

6) Leonard C. Feldman, James W.Mayer, Fundamentals of surface and thin film analysis, North-Holland, NY, 1986.

7) Roland Wiesendanger, Scanning probe microscopy : analytical methods, Springer-Verlag, NY, 1998.

8) Lecture Notes Physics of Nanotechnologies, Dr. Muhammad zahid Ishaque

Assessment Criteria:

Sessional: 20 (Presentation/Assignment 07,  Attendance/Quiz 05,  Result Mid/Final Term 08)

Mid-Term Exam:  30

Final-Term Exam: 50

Course Contents (Detailed lesson Plan):

Chapter 1. Introduction to Nanophysics and Nanotechnology (Lesson 1-6 : Jan 20, 2020 to Feb, 28, 2020)

              1.1. What is Nanophysics and Nanotechnology

              1.2. Types of nanostructured materials

              1.3. History of Nanotechnology

              1.4. Importance of length scale

              1.5. Moore’s Law

              1.6. Origin of observed differences between properties of macroscopic and nanoscopic   

                  objects

              1.7. Dimensionality and density of electronic states

              1.8. Dimensionality and reduced coordination number

              1.9. Nanoscopic samples and magnetization reversal

              1.10. Sample dimensions and characteristics lengths

              1.11. Carbon based nanostructures (Graphene and Carbon nanotubes and bucky balls)

              1.12. Synthesis,  properties and applications of Graphene

              1.13. Synthesis,  properties and applications of  carbon nanotubes

              1.14. Nanotechnology applications (Energy sector)

              1.15. Fuel cells

              1.16. Solar cells

              1.17. Battries

              1.18. Bio Fuel         

Chapter 2.  Nanostructure Fabrication Techniques   (Lesson 7-10 : Mar 02, 2020 to Mar 28, 2020)

            2.1. Top down and bottom up approaches of nanostructures fabrication

            2.2. Clean room facilities

            2.3. Optical Lithography

            2.4. Electron beam Lithography

            2.5. Nanoimprint Lithography

Chapter 3.  Thin film deposition techniques  (Lesson 11-13 : Mar 30, 2020 to April, 17, 2020)

            3.1. Physical & Chemical vapor deposition techniques

            3.2. Pulsed laser deposition

            3.3. Sputter deposition

            3.4. Electron beam evaporation

            3.5. Molecular beam epitaxy

            3.6. Chemical vapor deposition

Chapter 4.  Nanostructure characterization techniques  (Lesson 14-16 : April 20, 2020 to May 08, 2020)

            4.1. Scanning electron microscopy

            4.2. Scanning tunneling microscopy

            4.3. Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy

            4.3. Atomic Force Microscopy

Key Dates and Time of Class Meeting

BS Physics 04 Years Session 2016-20 Regular (Semester VIII)

1. Monday (10: 00 am - 11: 00 am)

2. Tuesday (10: 00 am - 11: 00 am)

3. Wednesday (09:  00 am - 10: 00 am)

BS Physics 04 Years Session 2016-20 Self Support+Ex PPP (Semester VIII)

1. Wednesday (01:30 am - 02: 30 pm)

2. Thursday     (01:30 am - 02: 30 pm

3. Friday          (02:00 pm - 03: 00 pm)

Commencement of Classes                                                   January 20, 2020

Mid Term Examination                                                            March 09-13, 2020

Final Term Examination                                                          June 08-12, 2020

Declaration of Result                                                              June 22, 2020