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• Introduction to Course Contents
• Introduction to the forest and rangeland ecosystems
• Forest and Rangeland Ecosystems of Pakistan
• Forest Food Webs and Ecosystem Functioning
• Insect Pests-Impact on Forests
• Factors Affecting Forest Insects Biodiversity-Heterogeneity and Abiotic Variations
• Factors Affecting Forest Insects Biodiversity-Forest Height, Type, Edge, Disturbance, Fragmentation etc.
• Impacts of Abiotic Factors on Forest Insects Biodivesity-Temperature, Altitude and Sunlight
• Impacts of Abiotic Factors on Forest Insects Biodiversity-Photo-period, Rain, RH, Wind, Climate Change
• Impacts of Biotic Factors on Forest Insects Biodiversity-Population Regulation, Competition and Natural Enemies
• Tropical Forest Pests-Ecology Biology and Impact
• Management Systems I-Planning Stage
• Management Systems II-Nursery Stage
• Management Systems III-Plantation Stage
• Management Systems IV-Forest Health Survelliance and Quarantine
• Color Plates_Insect Pests in Tropical Forestry
• Termites as Pest of Tree Plantations
• Role of Insects in Rangelands