ISLAMIC LAW OF INHERITANCE PART 3

VI. True Grandmother:

(1) The true grand-mother inherits only where she is not excluded by the presence of any of the relations given below.

(2) If not excluded, the share of true grandmother is 1/6 whether she is one or more than one. Two or more grandmothers get 1/6 jointly.

(3) A maternal grandmother is excluded from inheritance in the presence of:

(a) Mother, or

(b) A nearer maternal or paternal true grandmother.

(4) A parternal grandmother is excluded from inheritance in the presence of:

(a) Mother, or

(b) Father, or

(c) A nearer true-grandmother whether maternal or paternal.

In other words, a maternal true-grandmother gets her 1/6 share only in the absence of mother and any nearer grandmother. A paternal true-grandmother gets her 1/6 share only in absence of mother, father and any nearer true grandmother.

VII. Daughter:

(1) The share of one daughter is 1/2.

(2) If there are two or more daughters, the share is 2/3 to be divided equally among them.

(3) Daughter together with son is treated as agnatic heir i.e. inherits as Residuary.

VIII. Son’s Daughter:

(1) The son’s daughter inherits only in the absence of:

(a) Two or more daughters, or

(b) Son, or

(c) Higher son’s son, or

(d) Two or more higher son’s daughter.

In other words the son’s daughter is entirely excluded from inheritance in presence of the above relations.

(2) In the absence of above relations, the son’s daughter gets 1/2 if single and, 2/3 if more than one.

(3) If son’s daughter is together with one daughter, the share of son’s daughter is 1/6 whether such son’s daughter is single or more. For example, if there is a daughter and two son’s daughters, the share of son’s daughters would be 1/6 which would be divided equally among them i.e. each son’s daughter would get 1/12.

(4) Son’s daughter together with son’s son is treated as agnatic heir i.e. inherits as Residuary.

IX. Full-Sister:

يَسْتَـفْتُوْنَكَ ۭ قُلِ اللّٰهُ يُفْتِيْكُمْ فِي الْكَلٰلَةِ ۭاِنِ امْرُؤٌا هَلَكَ لَيْسَ لَهٗ وَلَدٌ وَّلَهٗٓ اُخْتٌ فَلَهَا نِصْفُ مَا تَرَكَ ۚ وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَآ اِنْ لَّمْ يَكُنْ لَّهَا وَلَدٌ ۭفَاِنْ كَانَتَا اثْنَـتَيْنِ فَلَهُمَا الثُّلُثٰنِ مِمَّا تَرَكَ ۭوَاِنْ كَانُوْٓا اِخْوَةً رِّجَالًا وَّنِسَاۗءً فَلِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ الْاُنْثَـيَيْنِ ۭ يُـبَيِّنُ اللّٰهُ لَكُمْ اَنْ تَضِلُّوْا ۭوَاللّٰهُ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيْمٌ.176النساء

آپ سے فتو یٰ پوچھتے ہیں، آپ کہہ دیجئے کہ اللہ تعالٰی (خود) تمہیں کلالہ کے بارے میں فتویٰ دیتا ہے۔ کہ اگر کوئی شخص مر جائے جس کی اولاد نہ ہو اور ایک بہن ہو تو اس چھوڑے ہوئے مال کا آدھا حصہ ہے  اور وہ بھائی اس بہن کا وارث ہوگا اگر اس کے اولاد نہ ہو  پس اگر بہن دو ہوں تو انہیں کل چھوڑے ہوئے کا دو تہائی ملے گا  اور کئی شخص اس ناطے کے ہیں مرد بھی عورتیں بھی تو مرد کے لئے حصہ ہے مثل دو عورتوں کے  اللہ تعالٰی تمہارے لئے بیان فرما رہا ہے کہ ایسا نہ ہو کہ تم بہک جاؤ اور اللہ تعالٰی ہرچیز سے واقف ہے۔

They request from you a [legal] ruling. Say, " Allah gives you a ruling concerning one having neither descendants nor ascendants [as heirs]." If a man dies, leaving no child but [only] a sister, she will have half of what he left. And he inherits from her if she [dies and] has no child. But if there are two sisters [or more], they will have two-thirds of what he left. If there are both brothers and sisters, the male will have the share of two females. Allah makes clear to you [His law], lest you go astray. And Allah is Knowing of all things.

(1) The share of one full sister is 1/2.

(2) The share of two or more full sisters is 2/3 to be divided equally among them.

(3) If full sister is together with full’ brother, she becomes an agnatic heir and inherits as Residuary.

(4) A full sister is excluded from inheritance in the presence of:

(a) Child, or

(b) Child of son h.l.s., or

(c) Father, or

(d) Father’s father.

 

X. Consanguine-Sister:                    باپ کی طرف سے سگی بہن

(1) The share of one consanguine sister is 1/2.

(2) The share of two or more consanguine sisters is 2/3 to be divided equally among them.

(3) With one full-sister, the share of consanguine sister is 1/6 whether single or more.

(4) The consanguine sister is excluded from inheritance in the presence of:

(a) Child, or

(b) Child of son h.l.s., or

(c) Father, or

(d) Father’s father, or

(e) Two full sisters, or

(f) One full brother.

(5) With consanguine brother, the consanguine sister becomes agnatic heir and inherits as Residuary.

XI. Uterine-Brother:

(1) The share of one uterine brother is 1/6.

(2) If there are two or more uterine brothers, their share is 1/3 to be equally divided among them.

(3) Uterine brother is excluded from inheritance in the presence of:

(a) Child, or

(b) Child of son h.l.s., or

(c) Father, or

(d) Father’s father.

XII. Uterine-Sister:

The share and the conditions under which an uterine sister inherits a property is the same as that of uterine brother. That is to say:

(1) The share of one uterine sister is 1/6.

(2) If there are two or more uterine sisters their share is 1/3 to be divided equally among them.

(3) Uterine sister is excluded from inheritance in the presence of (a) child, (b) child of a son, (c) father, and (d) father’s father.