Week 9: Hospital as Social Institution

The lesson will cover the following topics

1. Historical development of Hospital as Social Institution

2. Structure and Service delievery in Hospital

3. Hospitals in Pakistan

https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2020/01/08/pakistans-healthcare-system/

Pakistan’s healthcare system

Healthcare system of Pakistan consists of private and public sector. The private sector serves nearly 70% of the population and 30% by the public sector. As per Pakistan constitution provision of health is the responsibility of provincial governments except in federally administered areas. Pakistan’s total health expenditures amounted to 3.9 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2005, and per capita health expenditures were 49.

The government provided 24.4 per cent of total health expenditures, with the remainder being entirely private, out of pocket expenses. Millennium Development Goals are eight international development goals that all 192 United Nations member states and at least 23 international organisations have agreed to achieve by the year 2015.

Healthcare system of Pakistan especially primary healthcare is facing numerous problems.

Decentralisation present an opportunity to bring in fundamental changes in primary healthcare to make it more efficient and effective to the masses. A goal of reforms in primary healthcare sector is to restructure the non-efficient system by developing from federal to district level. Healthcare system includes building blocks such as leadership, service delivery, technology, health workforce, healthcare finance and research. To achieve access coverage and quality services monitoring and evaluation plays an important role.