Introduction

Blood, is both a connective tissue and a fluid. It is labelled as a tissue because it is a collection of similar specialized cells that serve particular functions. These cells are suspended in a liquid matrix (plasma), which makes the blood a fluid. Plasma makes up 55 percent of blood content. The other 45 percent consists mainly of red blood cells and platelets. Plasma is the main component of blood and consists mostly of water, with proteins, ions, nutrients, and wastes mixed in. Blood not only serves to carry oxygen, nutrients,but also has essential components that prevent blood loss and  helps body fight against microorganisms. 

In this section, blood cells alongwith their functions - red blood cell, white blood cells and platelets - will be discussed in detail. Red blood cells, which are the most abundant cells of the blood, are necessary for the delivery of oxygen to the tissues. In addition, red blood cells have antigen (protein) on their suface. The significance of these antigens is that the bloods of different people have different antigenic and immune properties so that antibodies in the plasma of one blood will react with antigens on the surfaces of the red cells of another blood type. White blood cells play an important role in protecting the body against all types of organisms or toxins that tend to damage the tissues and organs. Platelets (also called thrombocytes) are minute discs which play a vital role in preventing minor bleeding. In order to prevent major blood loss, both - platelets and clotting factors - come into play. 

After the end of the course, students will be able to learn about

1. Erythropoiesis, Polycythemia and Anemia

2. Blood groups and Rh Incompatibility

3. Leucocytes and resistance of body to infection

4. Immunity 

5. Platelets and Hemostasis

6. Bleeding disorder and Haemophilia

Further Reading:

 1. TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY, GUYTON,A.C, 13TH Edition 

  2. HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY (Marieb, Human Anatomy & Physiology) , 10th Edition

  3. REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY ,GANONG,W.F, 25th Edition

Evaluation Criteria

1. Oral Quiz/Assignment  (Class)

2. Class tests

3. Written Exam

4. Oral/Viva/Practical exam