Introduction

Physical Chemistry is broad field of chemistry that has invaded all the sciences. The knowledge of physical chemistry is very essential to understand the basic concepts in all the fields of chemistry.

Physical Chemistry -II includes the 3 important fields (Quantum Chemistry, Statistical Thermodynamics and Electrochemistry) of physical chemistry.

This course will cover the updated interpretation of atomic structure in the light of Schrodinger’s wave equation with mathematical explanation. The concept of probability and partition function is introduced in case of thermodynamics to understand the statistical aspects.

In the field of electrochemistry concept of conductance of electrolytes is explained in the view of modern theories of conductance of electrolytes like Debye- Huckle Theory. The Fuel cells and Hydrocarbon cells are also included in this section.   

Contents

A: Atomic and Molecular Structure

Schrodinger’s wave equation. Postulates of quantum theory. Operators, Eigen value, Eigen function, orthogonality and normalized wave functions. Motion of particle in three dimensional box and idea of degeneracy. Mathematical treatment of rigid rotator and calculation of bond length of simple molecule.

B: Statistical Thermodynamics

Stirling approximation. Probability. Statistical treatment of entropy. The Boltzman distribution law and partition function. Physical significance of partition function. Separation of partition function. Partition function and thermodynamics functions live internal energy and entropy. Translational, rotational, vibrational and electronic partition function and their comparison.

C: Electrochemistry

Concept of conductance of electrolytes. Debye–Huckle equation and limiting law. Ionic strength, weak electrolytes and Debye–Huckle theory. Activity and activity coefficients of electrolytic solutions. Determination of activities. Concentration cells. Determination of e.m.f. of concentration cells with and without transference. Fuel cells and hydrocarbon fuel cells.

Recommended Books

1. Atkins, Peter & Depaula “Atkin’s Physical Chemistry”2nd Edition, Oxford University Press, England (2009).
2. Gurdeep Raj. “Advanced Physical Chemistry” Krishna Prakashan Media (P) Ltd. New Delhi (2010).
3. Haq Nawaz  Bhatti, “ Modren Physical Chemistry”, Carvan Book House Lahore (2019).
4. A.S Negi, S. Chand. “A text Book of Physical Chemistry” New Age International, (2007).
5. Barrow G.M. "PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY" 5TH Ed. McGraw Hill, Inc. CA 1998
6. Castellan G.W."PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY"3RD Ed. Norasa publishing house DEHLI 2004
7. Alberty R. and Silvey, A. "physical chemistry" 7th Ed. John Wiley and sons NY 1992
8. Gurdeep R. "Advanced physical chemistry "3rd Ed. DEHLI 2008

Physical Chemistry Lab – II (Cr.01)

1. Determination of pKa and Ka value of a weak acid.
2. Molecular mass determination of non-electrolyte solute by cryoscopic method.
3. Determination of number of associated molecule of Benzoic acid in Benzene and to determine the Distribution coefficient of Benzoic acid between H2O and Benzene.
4. Determination of unknown concentrations of KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7 solution spectrophotometrically
5. Determination of percentage purity of an optically active compound.                                                                             

   1. Detailed lesson plans for each lecture (Weekly/Week wise)

      WEEK	CONTENT
      1-2	Schrodinger’s wave equation. Postulates of Quantum theory , Operators , Eigen value, Eigen function
      3-4	Orthogonality and normalized wave function .Motion of particle in three dimensional box and idea of degeneracy Lab 1: Determination of pKa and Ka value of a weak acid
      5-6	Mathematical Treatment of rigid rotator and calculation of bond length of simple molecule.  Stirling approximation , Statistical Treatment of entropy Lab 2: Molecular mass determination of non elecrolytes solute by Cryoscopic method
      7-8	The Boltzman distribution law and partition function. Partition function and thermodynamics functions, Internal energy and entropy.
      9	Mid Term Exams
      10-11	Translational, rotational, vibrational and electronic partition function and their comparison Lab 3: Determination of number of associated molecule of Benzoic acid in Benzene and to determine the Distribution coefficient of Benzoic acid between H2O and Benzene.
      12-13	Concept of conductance of electrolytes. Debye Huckle equation and limiting law, Ionic strength, weak electrolytes and Debye Huckle Theory. Lab 4: Determination of unknown concentrations of KMnO4 and K2Cr2O7 solution spectrophotometrically.
      14-15	Activity and activity coefficients of electro lytic solutions. Determination of activities, Concentration cells. Lab 5: Determination of percentage purity of an optically active compound.
      16-17	Determination of e.m.f .  of concentration cells with and without transference. Fuel cells and hydrocarbon fuel cells
      18	Final Term Exam

       

   2. ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

      Sessional: 15

      Mid Term: 15

      Practical Exam: 25

      Final exam: 45

      RULES AND REGULATIONS

   3. Class attendance (75%)in necessary for all students
   4. During paper, mobile phone is not allowed.

   5. Strict invigilation is observed during the exams