Course Title: Principles of Animal Physiology

Course Code: ZOL-203

Credit Hours: 04(03+01)

Instructor: Dr. Muhammad Ali Kanwal

Class BS 4th  Self-Support

DESCRIPTION & OBJECTIVES

The course aims to teach the students about:

Animals diversity adapted in different ways for their functions through modifications in body parts.

The diversity in integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous and sensory, endocrine, circulatory, respiratory, nutritive, excretory, osmoregulatory and reproductive systems according to strategies to

survive in their specific conditions.

Organ systems, their specialization and coordination with each other and constantly changing internal and external environment, inside and outside the animal’s body.

The basic structure of each system that determines its particular function.

Tesxt Books to be used for the course

1. Pechenik, J.A. 2013. Biology of Invertebrates, 4th Ed. (International), Singapore: McGraw Hill.

2. Hickman, C.P., Roberts, L.S., Larson, A. 2004. Integrated Principles of Zoology, 11th Ed. (International), Singapore: McGraw Hill.

3. Miller, S.A. and Harley, J.B. 2002. Zoology, 5th Ed. (International), Singapore: McGraw Hill.

4. Campbell, N.A. 2002. Biology, 6th Ed. Menlo Park, California: Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc.

5. Miller, S.A. 2002. General Zoology Laboratory Manual. 5th Ed. (International), Singapore: McGraw Hill.

6. Kent, G.C., Miller, S. 2001. Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrates. New York: McGraw Hill.

7. Hickman, C.P., Kats, H.L. 2000. Laboratory Studies in Integrated Principles of Zoology. Singapore: McGraw Hill.

RESEARCH PROJECT

1. Study of insect chitin, fish scale, amphibian skin, reptilian scales, feathers and mammalian skin.

2. Study and notes of skeleton of Labeo, Rana tigrina, Varanus, fowl and rabbit.

Note: Exercises of notes on the adaptations of skeletons to their function must be done.

3. Earthworm or leech; cockroach, freshwater mussel, Channa or Catla catla or Labeo or any other local fish, frog, pigeon and rat or mouse and rabbits are representative animals for study in dissections.

4. Study of models or preserved brains of representative animals and notes on adaptations.

5. Study of nervous system of earthworm and a fish.

6. Study of endocrine system in an insect and a rabbit.

7. Study of different types of blood cells in blood smear of rabbit.

8. Study of heart, principal arteries and veins in a representative vertebrate (dissection of representative fish/mammals).

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

Mid Term exam:         25

Sessional:                   10

Practical exam:           15

Final exam:                 50

Time Table Dr. Muhammad Ali kanwal