This is an introductory course, for graduate level students, to develop the basic understanding about the importance of forestry and forest resources of Pakistan. The course also encompasses the introduction of Watershed and Watershed Management in the context of topographic variations of the country from sea level to the highest peaks including glaciers. The objectives of studying this course are to acquaint the students with basic knowledge of Forestry, develop understanding about principles followed for Forests and Watershed management, to impart knowledge about forest resources of Pakistan, and to teach the students the required technical skills and methodologies for managing Forests and Watersheds practically in Pakistan’s perspective. Watershed management is closely related to forest management as the selection and implementation of different forestry practices play a crucial role in it. Students will learn the different biological and engineering approaches to control and regulate the water flow and to reduce the sedimentation of the streams and lakes fed by the waters drained by these watersheds.

The objectives of studying this course are:

• To acquaint the students with basic knowledge of Forestry.
• Developing understanding about principles used in Watershed management.
• To impart knowledge about forest resources in Pakistan.
• To teach skills to the students about practical Forest and Watershed management in Pakistan Graduate level students will understand the basic concepts of forests and watershed management to build on in future as and when required

Theory

• Introduction to Forest and forestry
• Importance, problems and constraints of these natural resources of Pakistan.
• Forest resources of Pakistan (description, composition, distribution and status) in different ecological zones.
• Sustainable forest management.
• Forestry practices (Agroforestry, social forestry etc.).
• Introduction and Principles of Watershed Management.
• Hydrological cycle.
• Watershed regions of various streams/rivers of Pakistan, their area, distribution, land use patterns, past history, climatic, physiographic, ecological and socio-economic features.
• Importance, Management problems and potentials of various watersheds

Practical

• Identification of important forest tree species
• Visits to various forest types and watershed areas.
• Watershed measurements (instruments, area, drainage, flow etc.).

Recommended Books

1. Raeder- Roitsch, J.E., Watershed Management (Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar, 1968).
2. Sheikh, M.I., Forests and Forestry in Pakistan (A-One Publishers, Urdu Bazar, Lahore, 1999).
3. Siddiqui, M. T. and M. F. Nawaz. A Text Book of Applied Forestry (University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. 2017).

Suggested Books

1. Champion, H.G. et al., Manual of Silviculture for Pakistan (Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar, 1967).
2. Quraishi, M. A. A., Basics of Forestry and Allied Sciences (A-One Publishers, Urdu Bazar, Lahore, 1999).

Assessment Criteria:

• Mid Term Exam: 12
• Sessional: 08 (Assignment + Presentation)
• Final Exam: 20
• Practical Exam: 20
• Total Marks: 60

Time of Class Meeting

• Tuesday: 09:40 to 10:30 am
• Wednesday: 08:00 am to 09:40 am
• Friday: 11:20 am to 12:10 pm