UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA

COURSE OUTLINE                                                                                               Fall, 2020-21

Course Title:    Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanisms               

Course Code:   CHEM-7152

Credit Hours:   03

Instructor: DR. MUBSHARA SAADIA

Email: [email protected]

DESCRIPTION& OBJECTIVES

Aim and objectives:

The course is aimed at describing the students the biochemical reactions, nearly all of which are mediated by a series of remarkable biological catalysts known as enzymes. Enzymology, the study of enzymes, has significant importance from early days of biochemistry. From the contents, the students will get the answer of very basic and one of the central questions of biochemistry: How do enzymes work?

Following objectives will be accomplished in the course contents;

• Provide students the basic knowledge of general properties of enzymes.
• Describing the significance of types of chemical reactions catalyzed by enzymes and the Catalytic Mechanisms.
• Providing students the skill to derive the basic equations of enzyme kinetics and to describe the effects of inhibitors on enzymes.
• Understanding about some of the examples of enzyme control that will highlight several aspects of enzyme function.
• The description of some practical applications of enzyme inhibition and the development of enzyme inhibitors as drugs.

Description: The course contents are designed according to the guidelines by HEC. The study of enzymes has immense practical importance especially in some diseases;for example in inheritable geneticdisorders, there may be a deficiency or even a total absence of one or more enzymes. For other diseaseconditions, excessive activity of an enzyme may be the cause. Measurements of the activities of enzymes inblood plasma, erythrocytes, or tissue samples are important in diagnosing certain illnesses. Many drugs exerttheir biological effects through interactions with enzymes. And enzymes are important practical tools,not only in medicine but in the chemical industry, food processing, and agriculture.

The course contents will describe at beginningthe important properties of enzymes and the principles underlying their catalytic power, then the introduction of enzyme kinetics, a discipline that provides much of the framework for any discussion of enzymes. Specific examples of enzyme mechanisms are then provided and at the end with a discussion of how enzyme activity is regulated.

Learning Outcome: The contents are aimed to develop understanding of the students about the basic and mathematical aspects of enzyme kinetics, enzyme catalysis, and enzyme inhibition and regulation.Kinetic data, combined with detailed information about an enzyme’s structure and its catalytic mechanisms, provide some of the most powerful clues to the enzyme’s biological function and may suggest ways to modify it for therapeutic purposes.

READINGS

1. Lehninger, A.L. Nelson, D.L and Cox, M.M. 2000. Principles of Biochemistry, 3rd Edition. Worth Publishers, New York.
2. Voet, D., Voet, J.G., Pratt.C.W. 2008.Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the molecular level. Third edition, John wiley& sons, inc.
3. Murray, R.K. Grammer, D.K. Mayes, P.A and Rodwell, V.W. 2000. Harper’s Biochemistry. 25th Edition. Appleton & Lange.
4. Price, N and Stevens, L.  1999. Fundamentals of Enzymology: Cell and Molecular Biology of Catalytic Proteins. 3rd Edition.  Oxford University Press.
5. Segel, I.H. 1993. Enzyme Kinetics: Behavior and Analysis of Rapid Equilibrium and Steady-State Enzyme Systems. John Wiley & Sons.
6. Cornish-Bowden, A. 1995. Fundamentals of Enzyme Kinetics, 2nd Edition. Portland Press.
7. Eisenthal, R and Danson, M.J. 2002. Enzyme Assays: A Practical Approach (Practical Approach Series). Oxford University Press.

CONTENTS

        Fundamentals of enzyme kinetics, Kinetics includes steady state, stopped-flow, single and multi-substrate kinetics; Derivation of rate equations; Applications of Michaelis-Menton equation; use of lineweaver-Burk plot and Eddie Hofstee plot for determination of Vmax and km;  Free energy of activation and effects of enzymes; Mechanisms of enzyme catalyzed reactions; Allosteric control and regulation of enzymes; effects of pH, temperature and inhibitors; Kinetics of competitive, Non-Competitive and mixed inhibition; Kinetics of displacement reactions, ordered and random double displacement reactions.

COURSE SCHEDULE

RESEARCH PROJECT

No research project is assigned.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

Sessional marks (Presentation+Participation) = 20

Project:     0

Presentation: 12

Participation: 08

Final Marks:    Mid+Final+Sessional (30+50+20) = 100

RULES AND REGULATIONS

Minimum 80% class attendance is required.