Modern agricultural production is characterized by some particularities and many different activities. The agricultural investigations are based on the application of statistical methods and procedures which are helpful in testing hypotheses using observed data, in making estimations of parameters and in predictions. The application of statistical principles and methods is necessary for effective practice in resolving the different problems that arise in the many branches of agricultural activity. Because of the variability inherent in biological and agricultural data, knowledge of statistics is necessary for their understanding and interpretation. The importance of statistical science in agriculture is obvious, where the collection, analysis and interpretation of numerical data are concerned. Statistical principles apply in all areas of experimental work and they have a very important role in agricultural experiments.

Objectives and Learning outcomes.

This Subject is based on Fundamental concepts of Statistics. In this Subject Students will learn about the basic concepts and tool about the Statistics and data science. The course begins by focusing on understanding that how much Statistics is important to learn for an Agriculture student. How to collect, summarize, analyze, present and interpret the data are the key issues in the Agricultural research. This subject focuses on answering all these questions including the concepts of measure of central tendency and measures of dispersion.  By completing this students will be able to understand the different types of data and they will be able to distinguish between the different types of measurement scales. Students will also learn about the presentation of data and measure of central tendency and measures of dispersion.

Course pre requisites:  

Statistics is a topic within applied mathematics. Students are encouraged to refresh their basic mathematical skills prior to the course, or alternatively, to be prepared to spend some extra effort on mathematics during the course. 

Distribution of Marks:

Mid Exam:            30

Final exam:          50

Assignments and Presentations:        10

Attendance & Class Participation:             10

Course contents

• Definition and importance of Statistics in Agriculture.
• Applications of Statistics , Imporatance of  Statistics
• Collection of data,Classification of data, Observation and Variable
• Measurement Scales,Error of Measurement
• Presentation of Data, Basic Principle of Classification
• Types of Tables, Frequency Distribution, Construct a Grouped Frequency Distribution
• Class Boundaries, Class Limits, Class Mark
• Stem and leaf Display ,Graphical Representation, Diagrams and Graphs
• Frequency Polygon & Frequency Curve
• Introduction to Central Tendency
• Types of Averages,Median,Mode,Quantile
• Introduction to Measure of Dispersion(Range,Quartile deviation)
• Variance and Standard Deviation and Coefficient of variation
• Simple Linear Regression and Correlation

Book Recommended.

Muhammad, S. and Kamal, S. (2009). Introduction to Statistical Theory Part-I

Muhammad, F. (2000). Statistical methods and data analysis. Kitab Markiz, Faisalabad.

Crawshaw, J., & Chambers, J. (2001). A concise course in advanced level statistics: with worked examples. Nelson Thornes.

Thomas, J. (1986). Basic statistics in inferential approach 2nd Ed.

Zar, J. H. (1999). Biostatistical analysis. Pearson Education India.

Time Table: